debian ubuntu apt basics

http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ch-apt-get.en.html

update & upgrade

sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude safe-upgrade
sudo aptitude full-upgrade

install & remove

sudo aptitude install firefox gimp gnuchess
sudo aptitude remove opera skype
sudo aptitude purge kde

clean up

sudo aptitude autoclean
#sudo aptitude clean

apt pinning

http://wiki.debian.org/AptPinning
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PinningHowto

# /etc/apt/preferences
Package: *
Pin: release o=Debian,a=stable
Pin-Priority: 900

# other repo should have priority < 100 so that it wont replace existing packages

Package: *
Pin: release o=Debian,a=testing
Pin-Priority: 80

Package: *
Pin: release o=Debian,a=unstable
Pin-Priority: 30

Package: *
Pin: release a=etch-backports
Pin-Priority: 33

Package: *
Pin: release o=Debian
Pin-Priority: -1

Package: *
Pin: origin www.debian-multimedia.org
Pin-Priority: 700

Package: *
Pin: origin tuxfamily.org
Pin-Priority: 400

install from unstable

sudo aptitude -t unstable install something from unstable
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